How do SQL and NoSQL databases differ?

The distinction between SQL and NoSQL databases is fundamentally rooted in how they handle data. SQL databases, which are structured and rely on a defined schema, utilize structured query language (SQL) for defining and manipulating their data. This adherence to a schema allows for consistency and typically involves relationships among data points, which is well-suited for structured data.

On the other hand, NoSQL databases encompass a variety of database systems that are designed to be more flexible and can handle unstructured or semi-structured data. This flexibility allows them to store data in formats that do not require a predefined schema, such as documents, key-value pairs, or even graphs. Thus, the capability of NoSQL databases to accommodate unstructured data is a major reason why option B is correct.

In sum, the primary differentiator here is that SQL databases are designed around a structured format with a specific schema using SQL for data operations, whereas NoSQL databases are built to manage unstructured data in a more dynamic and often schema-less environment.